Saturday, May 7, 2011
Thursday, November 25, 2010
The Biography of Helmuth Hübener
Hübener was born in an apolitical family in Hamburg, Germany. He belong to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS) as well did his mother and grandparents. Hugo, his adoptive father gave him the name Hübener. Helmuth as a small child was a member of the Boy Scouts, an organization supported by his church. But in 1935 the Nazis banned the scouting from Germany. When Germany banned scouting,Hübener was forced to join the Hitler Youth, as it was required by the government.
Later on the Nazis destroyed Jewish homes and businesses. Then they made a law that Jews were not allowed to do and attend religious service. When Hübener finished middle school in 1941, he began an apprenticeship as an administrator at the Hamburg Social Authority. He met with other apprentice’s, one that followed his Resistant Movement
is Gerhard Düwer. Hübener was listening to a restricted radio station. They way he listened to the radio station was when his brother bought a short wave radio. At night he would sneak it into the kitchen and would listen to BBC, a British radio station. Later on he heard the truth about the war that was happening in Germany. Then he started to write leaflets which were designed to bring the Germans to the truth about the war, and to show the way many Nazi officials act (as in their criminal behavior). He made many, many copies. In an autumn of 1941 he in involved three friends in his act.
Karl-Heinz Schnibbe and Rudi Wobbe, who were fellow Latter-day Saints, and later Gerhard Düwer. Hübener made 60 different pamphlets. They all contained material from the British broadcasts. They distributed them throughout Hamburg, using such methods as surreptitiously pinning them on bulletin boards, inserting them into letterboxes, and stuffing them in coat pockets. On 5 February 1942, Helmuth Hübener was arrested by the Gestapo at his workplace in the Hamburger Bieberhaus. While trying to translate the pamphlets into French and trying to have them distributed among prisoners of war, he had been noticed by Nazi Party member Heinrich Mohn, who had denounced him. On 11 August 1942, Hübener's case was tried at the Volksgerichtshof in Berlin, and on 27 October, at the age of 17, he was beheaded by guillotine at Plötzensee Prison in Berlin. His two friends, Schnibbe and Wobbe, who had also been arrested, were given prison sentences of five and ten years respectively.
Volksgerichtshof's proclamation from 27 October 1942 announcing Hübener's execution. As stated in the proclamation, Hübener was found guilty of conspiracy to commit high treason and treasonous furthering of the enemy's cause. He was sentenced not only to death, but also to permanent loss of his civil rights, which means he could be (and was) mistreated in prison, with no bedding or blankets in his cold cell, for instance. Hübener's lawyers and his mother, and the Berlin Gestapo appealed for clemency in his case, hoping to have his sentence commuted to life imprisonment. In their eyes, the fact that Hübener had confessed fully and shown himself to be still morally uncorrupted were points in his favour. The Reich Youth Leadership (Reichsjugendführung) would have none of it, however, and stated that the danger posed by Hübener's activities to the German people's war effort made the death penalty necessary. On 27 October 1942, the Nazi Ministry of Justice upheld the Volksgerichtshof's verdict. Hübener was only told of the Ministry's decision at 1:05 p.m. on the scheduled day of execution and beheaded at 8:13 p.m. In 1937, LDS President Heber Grant had visited Germany and urged the members to remain, get along, and not cause trouble. Consequently, some LDS members saw Huebner as a troublemaker who made things tough for other Mormons. Local LDS leader Arthur Zander was a fervent member of the Nazi Party, even to the extent of affixing notices to the church door stating "Jews not welcome" since 1938. He had attempted to protect others of his religious group and thus had excommunicated the young man, but in his haste and likely fear, had done so without proper authority, without first obtaining his district president's permission. That district president was Otto Berndt, who, in fact, was sympathetic to Hübener and was suspected of assisting and encouraging the boy. Berndt was soon after questioned by the Gestapo and released with an ominous warning: "After Jews, you Mormons will be next." Hübener was arrested by German authorities and two days later was excommunicated by local authorities of the LDS Church. Four years later and after the war, Hübener was posthumously reinstated in the LDS Church in 1946, with the note "excommunicated by mistake", because the specific process required for excommunication from the LDS Church was not followed by Arthur Zander, Hübener's local church leader at the time. The day of his execution, Hübener wrote to a fellow branch member, "I know that God lives and He will be the Just Judge in this matter... I look forward to seeing you in a better world!" — from a letter written by Hübener, the only one believed to still exist.
Later on the Nazis destroyed Jewish homes and businesses. Then they made a law that Jews were not allowed to do and attend religious service. When Hübener finished middle school in 1941, he began an apprenticeship as an administrator at the Hamburg Social Authority. He met with other apprentice’s, one that followed his Resistant Movement
is Gerhard Düwer. Hübener was listening to a restricted radio station. They way he listened to the radio station was when his brother bought a short wave radio. At night he would sneak it into the kitchen and would listen to BBC, a British radio station. Later on he heard the truth about the war that was happening in Germany. Then he started to write leaflets which were designed to bring the Germans to the truth about the war, and to show the way many Nazi officials act (as in their criminal behavior). He made many, many copies. In an autumn of 1941 he in involved three friends in his act.
Karl-Heinz Schnibbe and Rudi Wobbe, who were fellow Latter-day Saints, and later Gerhard Düwer. Hübener made 60 different pamphlets. They all contained material from the British broadcasts. They distributed them throughout Hamburg, using such methods as surreptitiously pinning them on bulletin boards, inserting them into letterboxes, and stuffing them in coat pockets. On 5 February 1942, Helmuth Hübener was arrested by the Gestapo at his workplace in the Hamburger Bieberhaus. While trying to translate the pamphlets into French and trying to have them distributed among prisoners of war, he had been noticed by Nazi Party member Heinrich Mohn, who had denounced him. On 11 August 1942, Hübener's case was tried at the Volksgerichtshof in Berlin, and on 27 October, at the age of 17, he was beheaded by guillotine at Plötzensee Prison in Berlin. His two friends, Schnibbe and Wobbe, who had also been arrested, were given prison sentences of five and ten years respectively.
Volksgerichtshof's proclamation from 27 October 1942 announcing Hübener's execution. As stated in the proclamation, Hübener was found guilty of conspiracy to commit high treason and treasonous furthering of the enemy's cause. He was sentenced not only to death, but also to permanent loss of his civil rights, which means he could be (and was) mistreated in prison, with no bedding or blankets in his cold cell, for instance. Hübener's lawyers and his mother, and the Berlin Gestapo appealed for clemency in his case, hoping to have his sentence commuted to life imprisonment. In their eyes, the fact that Hübener had confessed fully and shown himself to be still morally uncorrupted were points in his favour. The Reich Youth Leadership (Reichsjugendführung) would have none of it, however, and stated that the danger posed by Hübener's activities to the German people's war effort made the death penalty necessary. On 27 October 1942, the Nazi Ministry of Justice upheld the Volksgerichtshof's verdict. Hübener was only told of the Ministry's decision at 1:05 p.m. on the scheduled day of execution and beheaded at 8:13 p.m. In 1937, LDS President Heber Grant had visited Germany and urged the members to remain, get along, and not cause trouble. Consequently, some LDS members saw Huebner as a troublemaker who made things tough for other Mormons. Local LDS leader Arthur Zander was a fervent member of the Nazi Party, even to the extent of affixing notices to the church door stating "Jews not welcome" since 1938. He had attempted to protect others of his religious group and thus had excommunicated the young man, but in his haste and likely fear, had done so without proper authority, without first obtaining his district president's permission. That district president was Otto Berndt, who, in fact, was sympathetic to Hübener and was suspected of assisting and encouraging the boy. Berndt was soon after questioned by the Gestapo and released with an ominous warning: "After Jews, you Mormons will be next." Hübener was arrested by German authorities and two days later was excommunicated by local authorities of the LDS Church. Four years later and after the war, Hübener was posthumously reinstated in the LDS Church in 1946, with the note "excommunicated by mistake", because the specific process required for excommunication from the LDS Church was not followed by Arthur Zander, Hübener's local church leader at the time. The day of his execution, Hübener wrote to a fellow branch member, "I know that God lives and He will be the Just Judge in this matter... I look forward to seeing you in a better world!" — from a letter written by Hübener, the only one believed to still exist.
The Book Summary of The Boy Who Dared
“The Boy Who Dared”
By: Susan Campbell
Publisher: Scholastic Inc.
Year: 2008
Genre: Non-Fiction
The Book Summary of "The Boy Who Dared"
This book is about a boy who dared named Helmuth. Will he get away with what he’s done?This book is about a boy named Helmuth who dared. He lived in an apolitical family. This book is written of the experience of being in a jail cell for Helmuth Hübener. It shows the way he was treated and the memories of his young and cheerful life. Then one day he discovered something that would change his life completely. He discovered a short wave radio and started to listen to restricted radio broadcast such as the BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation). He soon learned the truth about the war that was going in Germany. He started to write pamphlets and leaflets. He typed up 60 different leaflets. He got three other friends to help him with his work. Karl-Heinz Schnibbe, Rudi Wobbe, and Gerhard Düwer. Later that year Helmuth tried to add another person but was caught by his boss. The boss called the Gestapo. They took Helmuth and the three. Later on Helmuth was proven guilty, Helmuth was to be executed and he also lost his civil writes but the other three got 5-10 years of imprisonment. On 27 of October at the age of 17 he was beheaded. But while his relatives sent letters to have mercy, but they said no because they say that he is to intelligent for his age and that he would be punished as an adult and that he would be executed.
My Opinion of the Book
My Opinion of the Book
In my opinion of the book itself is that I thought it was sad and interesting. The sad part was when he was executed. It wasn’t fair because he was doing the write thing. I hate when people mistreat people because they were forced to. The interesting thing was the way he was discovered and his life was so religious. All-in-all I liked the book.
Analysis
Analysis
I thought that the author achieved her purpose of writing t his book. She made me understand this book. She put amazing details. her writing is beautiful I wouldn’t let go of the book until I finished the book.the way she wrote the book made it feel as if she had no weaknesses. the author would have been a winner of the New York Times-Best Seller. at the end of the book when Helmuth was executed, I think she made it up a bit. The book was amazing, I loved it. I would recommend this book to all you readers. Why? Because it helped me understand Helmuth better. Did you know that WWII started because of the leader Germany, Hitler, Adolf Hitler. All I have to say if you haven't read the book then that means your missing something.
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